عَمَُّْ ْ 1504
وَيْلٌ لِلْمُطَفِّفِينَ ﴿۱﴾ الَّذِينَ إِذَا اكْتَالُوا عَلَى النَّاسِ يَسْتَوْفُونَ ﴿۲﴾ وَإِذَا كَالُوهُمْ أَوْ وَزَنُوهُمْ يُخْسِرُونَ ﴿۳﴾ أَلَا يَظُنُّ أُولَئِكَ أَنَّهُمْ مَبْعُوثُونَ ﴿۴﴾ لِيَوْمٍ عَظِيمٍ ﴿۵﴾ يَوْمَ يَقُومُ النَّاسُ لِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿۶﴾
﴾1﴿ Wailul lil mutaffifeen
﴾2﴿ Allazeena izak taaloo 'alan naasi yastawfoon
﴾3﴿ Wa izaa kaaloohum aw wazanoohum yukhsiroon
﴾4﴿ Alaa yazunnu ulaaa'ika annahum mab'oosoon
﴾5﴿ Li Yawmin 'Azeem
﴾6﴿ Yawma yaqoomun naasu li Rabbil 'aalameen
﴾1﴿ Woe to the defrauders
﴾2﴿ Those who, when they take measure from people, take in full
﴾3﴿ But when they measure or weigh for others, they reduce
﴾4﴿ Do they not think that they will be resurrected
﴾5﴿ For a Great Day
﴾6﴿ On the Day when mankind will stand before the Lord of the Worlds
And another name for it is Surah Al-Mutaffifin.
It is most likely that this Surah was revealed between Makkah and Madinah, which may explain why some scholars consider it Makki while others consider it Madani.
Relevancy:
This Surah is connected to the previous one in several ways:
First Connection: In the previous Surah, the rebuke (zajr) was directed at deception regarding Allah’s generosity ("Ma gharraka bi rabbika al-kareem"), whereas in this Surah, the rebuke is directed at fraud and dishonesty in trade (tatif), which is a consequence of that deception.
Second Connection: In the previous Surah, the nature of the Day of Judgment was described with "Yawma la tamliku nafsun li nafsin shay’ā" (the day when no soul will have power over another). In this Surah, it is described with "Yawma yaqoomu an-naasu li-rabbi al-‘alameen" (the day when people will stand before the Lord of the worlds), further emphasizing the gravity of that day.
Claim of this surah:
This Surah contains:
A rebuke (zajr) against fraud (tatif) and the lack of fear of the Day of Judgment.
Encouragement towards the Hereafter, which is emphasized up to verse (26).
Among the Names of Allah, only "Rabb al-‘Alameen" (Lord of the Worlds) is mentioned, highlighting His supreme authority over all creation.
Summary of the surah:
First, there is distress, and the definition of "tatfeef" is given in three verses. Then, there is a warning about the Hereafter in three verses. After that, a warning is given regarding ten states of the wicked up to verse (17). Then, the glad tidings for ten states of the righteous are mentioned up to verse (28). After that, for the criminals, five methods are described up to verse (33). Then, there is good news for the believers in three verses. The defrauders (Mutfifin) are named as the wicked (fujjar), the deniers (mukadhdhibin), the disbelievers (kuffar), the transgressors (mu‘tadi), and the sinners (athim).
[1] "Tatfeef" originally means to diminish or reduce something slightly. Tatfeef is of two types:
Apparent Tatfeef, which is well known—meaning to reduce in measure and weight to deceive others. This is prohibited, and any gain from it is also forbidden, even if the person claims it is business.
Spiritual Tatfeef, as mentioned by Qurtubi, which applies to measure, weight, ablution (wudu), prayer, and speech.
[2,3] This interpretation of "tatfeef" is according to its well-known meaning.
[4,5,6] This is another warning along with a threat of the Hereafter. "يَقُومُ النَّاسُ" refers to the rising of all people, but there is a difference between believers and disbelievers in terms of ease and hardship. In an authentic hadith, it is mentioned that for a believer, it will pass as easily as the obligatory prayer he used to perform in the world.