اتْلُ مَا أُوحِيََْ 994 لقمان
الم ﴿۱﴾ تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ الْحَكِيمِ ﴿۲﴾ هُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لِلْمُحْسِنِينَ ﴿۳﴾ الَّذِينَ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتُونَ الزَّكَاةَ وَهُمْ بِالْآخِرَةِ هُمْ يُوقِنُونَ ﴿۴﴾ أُولَئِكَ عَلَى هُدًى مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ ﴿۵﴾ وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْتَرِي لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ لِيُضِلَّ عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَيَتَّخِذَهَا هُزُوًا أُولَئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُهِينٌ ﴿۶﴾
﴾1﴿ Alif-Laaam-Meeem
﴾2﴿ Tilka Aayaatul Kitaabil Hakeem
﴾3﴿ Hudanw wa rahmatal lilmuhsineen
﴾4﴿ Allazeena yuqeemoonas Salaata wa yu'toonaz Zakaata wa hum bil Aakhirati hum yooqinoon
﴾5﴿ Ulaaa'ika 'alaa hudam mir Rabbihim wa ulaaa'ika humul muflihoon
﴾6﴿ Wa izaa tutlaa 'alayhi Aayaatunaa wallaa mustakbiran ka al lam yasma'haa ka anna feee uzunaihi waqran fabashshiru bi'azaabin aleem
﴾1﴿ Alif-Laaam-Meeem
﴾2﴿ These are the verses of a Book filled with wisdom
﴾3﴿
﴾4﴿ Those who establish prayer, give zakat, and have certainty in the Hereafter
﴾5﴿ It is guidance and mercy for the doers of good
﴾6﴿ And among the people is he who purchases idle talk to mislead others from the path of Allah without knowledge and takes it in mockery. For such people, there is a humiliating punishment
Relevancy:
This chapter connects with the previous one in several ways. The first connection is that in Surah Al-Ankabut, there was encouragement for striving (jihad) and calling others, and in Surah Ar-Rum, the result of this striving was explained as divine support and transformation. Now, in this chapter, the method of striving is outlined through the story of Luqman, demonstrating that by following this method, divine support can be attained.
The second connection is that previously, the proof of monotheism was established solely through rational arguments, but in this chapter, a narrative proof is brought from a wise man (Luqman), indicating that monotheism is not solely a matter of prophetic teachings but is also in harmony with rational wisdom.
Claim of this surah:
The affirmation of monotheism is based on narrative evidence alongside detailed rational arguments, and the foundation of this claim lies in verse (12). It addresses and refutes three types of shirk (polytheism): Shirk in Governance (تصرف): Associating partners with Allah in the management of the universe. Shirk in Knowledge (علم): Claiming that others share in Allah's absolute knowledge. Shirk in Supplication (دعاء): Directing prayers and supplications to entities other than Allah.
Summary of the surah:
This surah is divided into two sections:
First Section (up to verse 19): Initially, it encourages adherence to the Qur'an by mentioning four attributes of the Qur'an and four characteristics of its followers (up to verse 5). Then, it admonishes the deniers of the Qur'an by highlighting six of their reprehensible traits, accompanied by warnings and glad tidings (verses 6–9). Following this, a detailed rational argument is presented in verses 10–11. Finally, a narrative argument from Luqman is offered to emphasize the benefits previously discussed (up to verse 19).
[1] This is one of the disjointed letters (Muqatta'at), revealed to demonstrate the miraculous nature of the Qur'an .
[2,3,4] In these verses, encouragement toward the Qur'an is highlighted through mentioning four attributes of the Qur'an: it is a Book, it is Wise, it is Guidance, and it is Mercy. Additionally, four characteristics of the followers of the Qur'an are mentioned, which are the outcomes of the Qur'an's truthfulness.
The term "لِلْمُحْسِنِينَ" refers to those whose beliefs and actions are in accordance with Shari'ah-defined excellence, meaning that their faith includes Tawhid (monotheism), sincerity, and adherence to the Sunnah.
As for "يُوقِنُونَ" (those who have certainty), according to the interpretation in Siraj al-Munir, these are individuals who neither engage in actions contrary to faith nor neglect the remembrance of the Hereafter, even for the blink of an eye.
[5] This glad tiding is a result of these four attributes. The Qur'an being a Book.
[6] In this verse, there is a warning and intimidation for those who oppose the Qur'an, and three of their states are mentioned. "Buying idle talk" (اشتراء لهوالحدیث) refers to preferring and valuing it more. The term "buying" is used to indicate that such people even sacrifice their wealth for it.
"Idle talk" (لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ), according to Hasan al-Basri, includes anything that distracts a person from the Qur'an and the worship of Allah. This encompasses tales of polytheism, innovations, frivolous conversations of immorality, and worldly acts that cause neglect of the Qur'an. It also includes singing, referring to the recitation of poems and songs, regardless of the language, as well as instruments of music, television, and similar distractions.
The phrase "without knowledge" (بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ) indicates that every misguided person who leads others astray is ignorant. "Mockery" (هُزُوًا) refers to belittling and considering the Qur'an insignificant, which leads to ridicule. This is why "mockery" can also imply joking and jesting.