وَالَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَاسْتَكْبَرُوا عَنْهَا أُولَئِكَ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ ﴿۳۶﴾ فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَى عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَاتِهِ أُولَئِكَ يَنَالُهُمْ نَصِيبُهُمْ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ حَتَّى إِذَا جَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُنَا يَتَوَفَّوْنَهُمْ قَالُوا أَيْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ قَالُوا ضَلُّوا عَنَّا وَشَهِدُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا كَافِرِينَ ﴿۳۷﴾

﴾36﴿ Wallazeena kazzaboo bi Aayaatinaa wastakbaroo 'an haaa ulaaa'ika Ashaabun naari hum feehaa khaalidoon
﴾37﴿ Faman azlamu mimmanif taraa 'alal laahi kaziban aw kazzaba bi Aayaatih; ulaaa'ika yanaaluhum naseebuhum minal Kitaab; hatta izaa jaaa'at hum rusulunaa yatawaf fawnahum qaalooo aina maa kuntum tad'oonaa min doonil laahi qaaloo dalloo 'annaa wa shahidoo 'alaaa anfusihim annahum kaanoo kaafireen

﴾36﴿ And those who believe Our revelations to be false and disobeyed, those are the dwellers of hell, they will live there forever
﴾37﴿ So who is more unjust than the one who lies against Allah the Exalted or thinks Our verses are false, these people will receive their benefit what is written (of life and sustenance) In destiny, until our angels come to them and take their souls, they will say, Where are those who you used to call in calamities other than Allah Almighty (call now) They say that they were lost from us and they confess on themselves that surely they were disbelievers of monotheism

[36] This is a warning that comes after a glad tidings.
Rejection (takdhīb) is the opposite of piety (taqwā), and arrogance (istikbār) is the opposite of righteousness (iṣlāḥ).
Alternatively, takdhīb refers to denial by the tongue, while istikbār refers to arrogance in the heart.
[37] This is the third section, continuing up to verse 53.
It begins with a warning, followed by a threat through the description of the stages of death (naزع), barzakh (the intermediate realm), then the Hereafter, followed by the glad tidings of the Hereafter, then the conversation of the people of Aʿrāf, and finally a refutation of coercive intercession (shafāʿat-i qahriyyah).
In verse 37, there is a rebuke to those who fabricate lies against Allah, followed by the mention of the state of death and the barzakh.
Within this is also a refutation of associating partners in supplication (shirk fī al-duʿāʾ).
(افْتَرَى) — refers to ascribing partners or offspring to Allah the Exalted.
(أَوْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَاتِهِ) — refers to those mentioned in verse 36 who denied His signs.
(نَصِيبُهُمْ) — refers to the portion appointed for every person in terms of lifespan, sustenance, and deeds; it is what has been decreed for them.
(مِنَ الْكِتَابِ) — refers to the Book of Decree (kitāb al-taqdīr).
(رُسُلُنَا) — indicates that many angels come at the time of death; one angel takes the soul and hands it over to others, as mentioned in hadith.
That is why in verse 11 of Surah Sajdah, only one angel is mentioned.
(قَالُوا) — their statement here is a rebuke and rejection.
(ضَلُّوا عَنَّا) — implies that the deities they invoked (who were in fact righteous individuals) were unaware of their supplication and will be absent from them in the Hereafter.
(أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا كَافِرِينَ) — this verse proves that supplicating to others besides Allah is disbelief (kufr).
From this verse (37), it is clear that the polytheist will be told at the time of death: “Call upon your helpers, if they can assist you.”
But those deities will be unable to help them—neither physically nor spiritually.