وَإِذَا جَاءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِنَ الْأَمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُوا بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ لَاتَّبَعْتُمُ الشَّيْطَانَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا ﴿۸۳﴾ فَقَاتِلْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَا تُكَلَّفُ إِلَّا نَفْسَكَ وَحَرِّضِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَكُفَّ بَأْسَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَاللَّهُ أَشَدُّ بَأْسًا وَأَشَدُّ تَنْكِيلًا ﴿۸۴﴾ مَنْ يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً حَسَنَةً يَكُنْ لَهُ نَصِيبٌ مِنْهَا وَمَنْ يَشْفَعْ شَفَاعَةً سَيِّئَةً يَكُنْ لَهُ كِفْلٌ مِنْهَا وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مُقِيتًا ﴿۸۵﴾
﴾83﴿ Wa izaa jaaa'ahum amrum minal amni awil khawfi azaa'oo bihee wa law raddoohu ilar Rasooli wa ilaaa ulil amri minhum la'alimahul lazeena yastambitoonahoo minhum; wa law laa fadlul laahi 'alaikum wa rahmatuhoo lattaba'tumush Shaitaana illaa qaleelaa
﴾84﴿ Faqaatil fee sabeelil laahi laa tukallafu illa nafsaka wa harridil mu'mineen; 'asallaahu ai yakuffa ba'sallazeena kafaroo; wallaahu ashaddu ba'sanw wa ashaaddu tankeelaa
﴾85﴿ Mai yashfa' shafaa'atan hasanatay yakul lahoo naseebum minhaa wa mai yashfa' shafaa'atan saiyi'atany-yakul lahoo kiflum minhaa; wa kaanal laahu 'alaa kulli shai'im Muqeetaa
﴾83﴿ And when there comes to them news of security or fear, they spread it around.
But if they had referred it to the Messenger and to those of authority among them, those who can draw correct conclusions would have known it from them.
And if it were not for the grace and mercy of Allah upon you, you would surely have followed Satan—except for a few (of you).
﴾84﴿ So fight in the way of Allah—there is no responsibility upon you except for your own self.
And encourage the believers (to fight).
It may be that Allah will restrain the might of the disbelievers, and Allah is greater in might and more severe in punishment.
﴾85﴿ Whoever recommends a good recommendation will have a share of its reward, and whoever recommends an evil recommendation will bear a portion of its burden.
And Allah is Powerful over all things.
[83] This is also a warning to the hypocrites, and it mentions one of their faults.
“Security and fear” is general: it can refer to worldly matters (such as safety from the enemy or fear of them) or to religious matters (such as reward, punishment, permissibility, or prohibition).
The point is that it is not proper to spread news without knowledge or proof.
“Grace” refers to the Noble Qur’an, “mercy” refers to the Messenger, and “except for a few” means those who, even in the age of ignorance, were true monotheists.
The verse also proves that the deduction and reasoning of a jurist (mujtahid) from the texts (Qur’an and Hadith) is considered evidence in the Shariah.
“Those who can extract” refers to those in authority, or it could refer to the hypocrites themselves, meaning those who are able to learn and deduce.
[84] This is encouragement for fighting in the way of Allah, and a refutation of the hypocrites who discourage fighting for Allah’s cause.
“Nafsaka” here refers specifically to the person of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and give him peace), or it may refer to the power of the soul—indicating that a person has two responsibilities: acting themselves and encouraging others.
“Ashaddu ba’san” (greater in might) becomes evident in this world, while “tankīlan” (more severe in punishment) becomes evident in the Hereafter.
[85] This is encouragement to speak for and invite to goodness, such as jihad, and a warning against promoting or inviting to evil, such as abandoning jihad.
"Shafa‘ah hasanah" (good recommendation) includes advocating for goodness, calling to virtue, and striving in Allah’s way.
"Shafa‘ah sayyi’ah" (evil recommendation) includes advocating for evil, inviting to wrongdoing, and encouraging sin.