بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ

حم ﴿۱﴾ تَنْزِيلٌ مِنَ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿۲﴾ كِتَابٌ فُصِّلَتْ آيَاتُهُ قُرْآنًا عَرَبِيًّا لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿۳﴾ وَقَالُوا قُلُوبُنَا فِي أَكِنَّةٍ مِمَّا تَدْعُونَا إِلَيْهِ وَفِي آذَانِنَا وَقْرٌ وَمِنْ بَيْنِنَا وَبَيْنِكَ حِجَابٌ فَاعْمَلْ إِنَّنَا عَامِلُونَ ﴿۵﴾

﴾1﴿ Haa Meeem
﴾2﴿ Tanzeelum Minar-Rahmaanir-Raheem
﴾3﴿ Kitaabun fussilat Aayaatuhoo Qur-aanan 'Arabiyyal liqawminy ya'lamoon
﴾4﴿ Basheeranw wa nazeeran fa-a'rada aksaruhum fahum laa yasma'oon
﴾5﴿ Wa qaaloo quloobunaa feee akinnatim mimmaa tad'oonaaa ilaihi wa feee aazaaninaa waqrunw wa mim baininaa wa bainika hijaabun fa'mal innanaa 'aamiloon

﴾1﴿ Haa Meeem
﴾2﴿ It has been revealed from the infinitely merciful, the compassionate
﴾3﴿ It is a book whose verses are distinctly explained; it is the Quran in Arabic for a people who know
﴾4﴿ A bearer of glad tidings and a warner, but most of them turned away, so they do not listen
﴾5﴿ And they say, Our hearts are veiled from that to which you call us, and in our ears is deafness, and between us and you is a barrier. So do as you will; indeed, we are doing as we will

Surah Fussilat

They are Explained in Detail

And its other names are: Fussilat, Al-Masabih, Al-Aqwat, Sajdatul Mu’min.
Relevancy: This surah is connected to the previous surah in several ways. The first connection: In the previous surah, there was a refutation of associating partners in supplication (shirk fi al-du'a), while in this surah, three misconceptions of the deniers are dispelled. The second connection: In Surah Al-Mu’min, the focus was on the description of the One who revealed the Quran (Allah Ta’ala), whereas in this surah, the conditions and characteristics of the revealed book (the Quran) are discussed. The third connection: The previous surah mentioned one example of worldly punishment as a warning, whereas this surah presents two examples of such warnings.
Claim of this surah: The affirmation of monotheism (Tawhid) in this surah is achieved by dispelling three doubts and is supported by: Eight rational arguments proving the oneness of Allah. second Refutation of different types of polytheism, including: Shirk in worship (Shirk fi al-‘ibadah) Shirk in supplication (Shirk fi al-du'a) Shirk in knowledge (Shirk fi al-'ilm) third Fifteen divine names (Asma' Ilahiyyah) mentioned to emphasize Allah’s attributes. fourth Multiple warnings and admonitions, including both worldly and hereafter punishments to deter the disbelievers.
Summary of the surah: This surah is divided into three sections, with the first section extending up to verse 24. First Section (Verses 1-24): Encouragement towards the Quran by mentioning nine characteristics of the Quran. Rebuke (Zajr) for turning away from the Quran. Addressing the doubts of the deniers and providing responses to them. Four rational arguments proving the truth of the message. Worldly warning (Takhwif Dunyawi) through the mention of the destruction of ‘Ad and Thamud. Detailed warning of the Hereafter (Takhwif Ukhrawi), describing the punishments awaiting the disbelievers in the afterlife.

interpretation

[1] This name refers either to the name of the Quran, the name of the surah, or its miraculous nature (I'jaz).
[2,3,4] This is encouragement by mentioning nine attributes of the Quran. "(فَأَعْرَضَ)" – This is a rebuke (Zajr). "(فَهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ)" – This is either an explanation of their turning away (Tafsir I'rad) or it means that they turn away from Tawhid, and for this reason, they do not listen to the Quran.
[5] This verse mentions the reason for their turning away and presents the first doubt of the deniers. The essence of their doubt: "These matters are beyond our understanding, so do not explain them to us." "(وَقْرٌ)" – A metaphor referring to the stories of the polytheists and innovators, which have sealed the ears of the ignorant from hearing the truth. "(وَمِنْ بَيْنِنَا وَبَيْنِكَ حِجَابٌ)" – The "barrier" refers to either religious opposition or the difference between ignorance and knowledge. "(فَاعْمَلْ إِنَّنَا عَامِلُونَ)" – This means either: "Follow your religion, and leave us to follow our old ways." "Strive against us, and we will strive against you in opposition."