وَمَنْ يَقْنُتْ 1053 فاطر
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ فَاطِرِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ جَاعِلِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ رُسُلًا أُولِي أَجْنِحَةٍ مَثْنَى وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ يَزِيدُ فِي الْخَلْقِ مَا يَشَاءُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ ﴿۱﴾ مَا يَفْتَحِ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ رَحْمَةٍ فَلَا مُمْسِكَ لَهَا وَمَا يُمْسِكْ فَلَا مُرْسِلَ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ﴿۲﴾
﴾1﴿ Alhamdu lillaahi faatiris samaawaati wal ardi jaa'ilil malaaa'ikati rusulan uleee ajnihatim masnaa wa sulaasa wa rubaa'; yazeedu fil khalqi maa yashaaa'; innal laaha 'alaa kulli shai'in Qadeer
﴾2﴿ Maa yaftahil laahu linnaaasi mir rahmatin falaa mumsika lahaa wa maa yumsik falaa mursila lahoo mimba'dihi; wa Huwal 'Azeezul Hakeem
﴾1﴿ All the attributes of God belong exclusively to Allah, the Exalted, who is the Creator of the heavens and the earth, the Ordainer of angels as messengers having wings—two, three, and four. He increases in creation whatever He wills. Indeed, Allah, the Exalted, is capable of all things
﴾2﴿ Whatever mercy Allah, the Exalted, grants to the people, there is no one to withhold it, and whatever He withholds, there is no one who can release it after Him. And Allah, the Exalted, is the Almighty, the Wise
And another name for that surah is Al-Mala'ika.
Relevancy:
This surah is connected to Surah Saba in two ways. The first way is that in that surah, the proof of monotheism is established through transmitted evidence, whereas in this surah, thirteen rational proofs are mentioned along with examples. The second way is that in that surah, there was a refutation of doubts, while in this surah, the refutation is elaborated by rejecting polytheism in governance and supplication.
Claim of this surah:
Refutation of polytheism in supplication with rational arguments and examples.
Summary of the surah:
In this surah, there are three sections. The first section extends up to verse (15), where the claim of monotheism is expressed in two phrases: "Alhamdulillah" and "La ilaha illa Hu." It presents eight rational arguments in a well-ordered manner. Among these arguments, there is consolation for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), a warning against two deceivers, along with fear and glad tidings. Finally, it concludes with a refutation of polytheism in supplication.
[1] In this verse, the call to monotheism is through "Alhamdulillah." This surah is the fifth in the Quran in which praise (Hamd) is mentioned at the beginning. The phrase "Fāṭir as-samāwāti wal-arḍ" refers to "Fatara," which originally means that something splits apart, revealing another thing from within—like when a seed splits, revealing a tooth, or when the earth cracks, allowing water to emerge.
Here, there are two interpretations: That creation emerged from nonexistence into existence, which is the well-known meaning. That the heavens were split (creating gates), through which angels descend, revelation is sent down, and rain falls from above. Similarly, the earth was split, bringing forth springs of water, treasures of gold, silver, oil, plants, and trees. The next phrase "Jāʿil al-malāʾikati rusulan" relates to the creation that connects the heavens and the earth. "Rusulan" means that through the angels, revelation reaches the prophets (peace be upon them), divine inspiration and true dreams come to the righteous, angels record the deeds of all servants, and some angels are assigned for their protection—all of this is included in this verse. The phrase "Yazīdu fī al-khalqi mā yashāʾ" indicates that some angels have more wings than others, as mentioned in a hadith in Sahih Muslim, where the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw Jibril (peace be upon him) in his original form, covering the horizons with six hundred wings. The exact details of these wings are known only to Allah Almighty.
[2] This is the second rational argument—after mentioning the creation of entities, it refers to the vastness of conditions and responsibilities. "Rahmah" in this verse encompasses the abundance of sustenance, health, well-being, happiness, rainfall, and all types of worldly and religious blessings. This verse also refutes polytheism in divine governance and control.