وَإِمَّا تُعْرِضَنَّ عَنْهُمُ ابْتِغَاءَ رَحْمَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ تَرْجُوهَا فَقُلْ لَهُمْ قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا ﴿۲۸﴾ وَلَا تَجْعَلْ يَدَكَ مَغْلُولَةً إِلَى عُنُقِكَ وَلَا تَبْسُطْهَا كُلَّ الْبَسْطِ فَتَقْعُدَ مَلُومًا مَحْسُورًا ﴿۲۹﴾ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَبْسُطُ الرِّزْقَ لِمَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَقْدِرُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ بِعِبَادِهِ خَبِيرًا بَصِيرًا ﴿۳۰﴾ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ خَشْيَةَ إِمْلَاقٍ نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُهُمْ وَإِيَّاكُمْ إِنَّ قَتْلَهُمْ كَانَ خِطْئًا كَبِيرًا ﴿۳۱﴾ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا الزِّنَا إِنَّهُ كَانَ فَاحِشَةً وَسَاءَ سَبِيلًا ﴿۳۲﴾

﴾28﴿ Wa immaa tu'ridanna 'anhum ubtighaaa'a rahmatim mir rabbika tarjoohaa faqul lahum qawlam maisooraa
﴾29﴿ Wa laa taj'al yadaka maghloolatan ilaa 'unuqika wa laa tabsut haa kullal basti fataq'uda maloomam mahsooraa
﴾30﴿ Inna Rabbaka yabsuturrizqa limai yashaaa'u wa yaqdir; innahoo kaana bi'ibaadihee Khabeeran Baseera
﴾31﴿ Wa laa taqtulooo awlaadakum khashyata imlaaqin nahnu narzuquhum wa iyyaakum; inna qatlahum kaana khit 'an kabeeraa
﴾32﴿ Wa laa taqrabuz zinaaa innahoo kaana faahishatanw wa saaa'a sabeelaa

﴾28﴿ And if you turn away from them, seeking mercy from your Lord that you hope for, then speak to them with gentle words
﴾29﴿ And do not keep your hand tied to your neck, nor extend it completely open, lest you sit in blame and regret
﴾30﴿ Indeed, your Lord extends provision for whom He wills and restricts it. Indeed, He is ever All-Knowing and All-Seeing of His servants
﴾31﴿ And do not kill your children for fear of poverty. We provide for them and you. Indeed, the killing of them is a great sin
﴾32﴿ And do not approach adultery; indeed, it is an immorality and an evil way

[28] In this verse, a verbal etiquette is mentioned for when one is unable to fulfill someone’s right.
This etiquette points to the fact that when turning someone away, it is prohibited to insult them or dishonor them.
“Qawlan maysūran” (قَوْلًا مَيْسُورًا) — the first meaning is to speak gently and kindly.
The second meaning is: make du‘ā for them, asking that their hardship be made easy for them.
[29] In this verse, an etiquette is explained — that is, moderation in spending and giving charity.
In the first phrase, the miser is likened to someone whose hand is tied to the back of his neck, meaning his hand is restrained from using his wealth — just like a miser, whose hand cannot reach his own wealth.
In the second phrase, the message is: do not spend your wealth wastefully, even if it is on something permissible.
In “fataqʿuda” (فَتَقْعُدَ), there is an indication that due to intense blame and regret, you will become such that you cannot even rise from your place.
“Malūman” (مَلُومًا) is connected to the first part, about miserliness.
“Maḥsūran” (مَحْسُورًا) is connected to the second part, about wasteful spending.
[30] In this verse, encouragement to spend (in charity) is given, emphasizing that spending does not decrease one’s provision.
So, this verse explains the reason behind the previous etiquettes — and that is: Allah, the Exalted, is fully aware of what is beneficial for His servants.
He gives abundance of provision to some and restricts it for others.
Therefore, the previous etiquettes were shown to you because they apply both to those with vast wealth and to those with limited means.
[31] From this verse to verse 39, the third thing mentioned to avert punishment is refraining from oppression, and in this, seven prohibitions and three commands are mentioned.
In this verse, the first prohibition is against killing children.
The explanation of this verse has previously appeared in verse 151 of Surah Al-An'am.
The word (خِطْئًا) is evidence that the term "mistake" can sometimes be applied to major sins as well.
[32] In this verse, the second prohibition related to oppression is mentioned, which is adultery.
The phrase "Do not go near" (لَا تَقْرَبُوا) indicates that the means and causes leading to adultery are also forbidden.
In the phrase "and what an evil path it is" (وَسَاءَ سَبِيلًا), it is implied that committing adultery leads a person to develop vile habits.