وَأَوْفُوا بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ إِذَا عَاهَدْتُمْ وَلَا تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمَانَ بَعْدَ تَوْكِيدِهَا وَقَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلًا إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا تَفْعَلُونَ ﴿۹۱﴾ وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّتِي نَقَضَتْ غَزْلَهَا مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ أَنْكَاثًا تَتَّخِذُونَ أَيْمَانَكُمْ دَخَلًا بَيْنَكُمْ أَنْ تَكُونَ أُمَّةٌ هِيَ أَرْبَى مِنْ أُمَّةٍ إِنَّمَا يَبْلُوكُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَلَيُبَيِّنَنَّ لَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مَا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ ﴿۹۲﴾

﴾91﴿ Wa awfoo bi Ahdil laahi izaa 'aahattum wa laa tanqudul aimaana ba'da tawkeedihaa wa qad ja'altumul laaha 'alaikum kafeelaa; innal laaha ya'lamu maa taf'aloon
﴾92﴿ Wa laa takoonoo kallatee naqadat ghazlahaa mim ba'di quwwatin ankaasaa; tattakhizoona aimaanakum dakhalam bainakum an takoona ummatun hiya arbaa min ummah; innnamaa yablookumul laahu bih; wa la yubaiyinanna lakum yawmal Qiyaamati maa kuntum feehi takhtalifoon

﴾91﴿ And fulfill the covenant of Allah when you have made a pledge, and do not break your oaths after confirming them, for you have made Allah a guarantor over yourselves. Indeed, Allah knows what you do
﴾92﴿ And do not be like the woman who untwists her spun thread after it has become strong, turning it into fragments. You make your oaths a means of deceit between yourselves because one group is more numerous or beneficial than another. Indeed, Allah only tests you through this. And He will surely clarify for you on the Day of Resurrection that in which you used to differ

[91] Since the previous verse mentioned the covenant of Allah Most High, this verse encourages fulfilling that covenant and warns against breaking it.
"(وَقَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْكُمْ كَفِيلًا)" ("And you made Allah a guarantor over you") indicates that when people make oaths and covenants, they often mention the name of Allah, making Him a witness and guarantor.
"(وَأَوْفُوا)" ("And fulfill")—according to Qurtubi, this is connected in meaning to the previous verse, implying that Allah has sent you commands and prohibitions, including the command to fulfill covenants.
"(بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ)" ("the covenant of Allah")—this phrase is general and includes any covenant made with Allah and His Messenger (peace be upon him), such as those found in the Qur'an and Hadith, as well as agreements and contracts between people.
However, the primary meaning here refers to fulfilling the covenant of adhering to the Qur'an, Hadith, Tawḥīd, and Sunnah. That is why the expression "عَهْدِ اللَّهِ" is used specifically.
In covenants, the word "اشهد" (witness) is often used, which is equivalent in meaning to "يمين" (oath), and thus the term "الأَيْمَان" (oaths) is used.
These covenants are emphasized through the sending of the Qur'an and the Messenger—hence, the verse uses "(تَوْكِيدِهَا)" ("its confirmation").
Because every person who makes a claim of faith invokes the guarantee of Allah when making a covenant, the phrase "(وَقَدْ جَعَلْتُمُ اللَّهَ)" is mentioned, indicating that invoking Allah as a guarantor further emphasizes the seriousness and obligation of keeping the covenant.
[92] In this verse, there is a prohibition against breaking covenants, presented through a parable.
It is connected to the phrase "(وَلَا تَنْقُضُوا الْأَيْمَانَ)"—“Do not break oaths.”
The parable's meaning: Imagine a woman who spins thread and weaves fabric, but because she is insane, she tears it apart again after weaving it. A person who breaks the covenant of Allah is like this woman—lacking intellect and bringing harm to herself.
"(تَتَّخِذُونَ)"—this contains a hidden rhetorical question (استفهام) for the purpose of subtle warning and awakening.
"(دَخَلًا بَيْنَكُمْ)"—"dakhala" here means deception or fraud, or it could mean something corrupt or invalid. This refers to creating a pretext to break the covenant.
"(أَنْ تَكُونَ أُمَّةٌ هِيَ أَرْبَى مِنْ أُمَّةٍ)"—means: when someone sees the disbelievers, polytheists, or innovators appearing more prosperous or wealthier, they abandon the covenant of Tawḥīd and the way of the Sunnah out of greed for worldly gain.
"(إِنَّمَا يَبْلُوكُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ)"—Allah responds to this by clarifying that He sometimes gives wealth and abundance to disbelievers in order to test the believers through it.
"(تَخْتَلِفُونَ)"—this indicates that breaking the covenant of Allah leads to division and discord among people.