وَلَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَهُ الدِّينُ وَاصِبًا أَفَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ تَتَّقُونَ ﴿۵۲﴾ وَمَا بِكُمْ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ فَمِنَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ إِذَا مَسَّكُمُ الضُّرُّ فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْأَرُونَ ﴿۵۳﴾ ثُمَّ إِذَا كَشَفَ الضُّرَّ عَنْكُمْ إِذَا فَرِيقٌ مِنْكُمْ بِرَبِّهِمْ يُشْرِكُونَ ﴿۵۴﴾ لِيَكْفُرُوا بِمَا آتَيْنَاهُمْ فَتَمَتَّعُوا فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿۵۵﴾ وَيَجْعَلُونَ لِمَا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ نَصِيبًا مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ تَاللَّهِ لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَمَّا كُنْتُمْ تَفْتَرُونَ ﴿۵۶﴾

﴾52﴿ Wa lahoo maa fis samaawaati wal ardi wa lahud deenu waasibaa; afaghairal laahi tattaqoon
﴾53﴿ Wa maa bikum minni'matin faminal laahi summa izaa massakumud durru fa ilaihi taj'aroon
﴾54﴿ Summaa izaa kashafad durra 'ankum izaa fareequm minkum bi Rabbihim yushrikoon
﴾55﴿ Liyakfuroo bimaa aatainaahum; fatamatta'oo, fasawfa ta'lamoon
﴾56﴿ Wa yaj'aloona limaa laa ya'lamoona naseebam mimmaa razaqnnaahum; tallaahi latus'alunaa 'ammaa kuntum taftaroon

﴾52﴿ And exclusive is the sovereignty of whatever is in the heavens and the earth, and obedience is exclusively due to Allah, the Most High. So, do you fear anyone other than Allah, the Most High
﴾53﴿ And whatever blessings you have are from Allah, the Most High. Yet when a calamity befalls you, you cry out to Him alone for help
﴾54﴿ Yet when He removes the calamity from you, a group among you associates partners with their Lord
﴾55﴿ (As a result of this,) they show ingratitude for the blessings We have granted them. So enjoy yourselves for a while, but soon you will come to know (the consequences)
﴾56﴿ And they assign a portion of what We have provided them to those they know nothing about. By Allah, you will surely be questioned about the falsehoods you fabricate

[52] This is a rational argument, and the letter 'lam' in (لَهُ) indicates authority and submission.
(الدِّينُ) means worship, indicating that absolute control belongs exclusively to Allah Most High; thus, He alone deserves worship.
(وَاصِبًا) refers to something constant, perpetual, and exclusive.
(تَتَّقُونَ), originally, refers to the consciousness of maintaining Tawhid (monotheism) in worship; therefore, here it is mentioned due to its connection with 'al-deen' (which means worship).
[53] In this too, there is a rational proof. "مَا" is a relative pronoun, and "مِن" indicates comprehensiveness, thus encompassing every apparent and hidden blessing, physical and financial, including health, well-being, wealth, and so forth.
(فَإِلَيْهِ تَجْـَٔرُونَ) means that the belief of polytheists at times of hardship is that no one but Allah Most High can remove their afflictions.
"جَوَار" refers to the sound of a calf or a puppy in distress, meaning crying out with extreme helplessness.
[54,55] These verses also serve as a reminder. The point is that in times of hardship, you cry out helplessly to Allah Most High, but once Allah accepts your pleas and removes the hardship, you associate partners with Him again, attributing the relief of difficulties to others besides Allah.
In (فَتَمَتَّعُوا), there's an indication that Allah Most High accepts the supplications of polytheists because this world is temporary enjoyment, and such enjoyment is given even to disbelievers. The same point is also mentioned in verses (33) and (34) of Surah Rum.
[56] This verse also serves as a warning about making vows to other than Allah, and it is linked to "they associate," explaining its meaning. A similar point appears in verse (136) of Surah Al-An'am.
(كُنْتُمْ تَفْتَرُونَ) refers to fabricated polytheistic stories and issues of shirk.
(لَا يَعْلَمُونَ): The pronoun here either refers back to "مَا," meaning the false gods have no knowledge of their vows, or refers to the worshippers, meaning that they are unaware of the condition of their idols—that they are helpless, neither hearing nor seeing anything.
(مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ) refers to dedicating food, clothing, animals, grain, garments, and other provisions given by Allah to names other than Allah.