رُبَمَا 608 اَلنَّحْل
أَتَى أَمْرُ اللَّهِ فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ﴿۱﴾ يُنَزِّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةَ بِالرُّوحِ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَى مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرُوا أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاتَّقُونِ ﴿۲﴾ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ تَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ ﴿۳﴾ خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ فَإِذَا هُوَ خَصِيمٌ مُبِينٌ ﴿۴﴾ وَالْأَنْعَامَ خَلَقَهَا لَكُمْ فِيهَا دِفْءٌ وَمَنَافِعُ وَمِنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ ﴿۵﴾
﴾1﴿ Ataaa amrullaahi falaa tasta'jilooh; Subhaanahoo wa Ta'aalaa 'ammaa yushrikoon
﴾2﴿ Yunazzilul malaaa 'ikata birroohi min amrihee 'alaa mai yashaaa'u min 'ibaadiheee an anzirooo annahoo laaa ilaaha illaaa ana fattaqoon
﴾3﴿ Khalaqas samaawaati wal arda bilhaqq; Ta'aalaa 'ammaa yushrikoon
﴾4﴿ Khalaqal insaana min nutfatin fa izaa huwa khaseemum mubeen
﴾5﴿ Wal an 'amaa khalaqahaa; lakum feehaa dif'unw wa manaafi'u wa minhaa taakuloon
﴾1﴿ This is the decree of Allah, the Most High, so do not hasten it. Exalted is Allah, the Most High, and far above what they associate with Him
﴾2﴿ Allah, the Most High, sends down the angels with the Spirit by His command upon whomever He wills of His servants, to warn them by proclaiming this message: There is no deity worthy of worship except Me, so fear Me
﴾3﴿ He created the heavens and the earth to manifest the truth. Exalted is He above what they associate with Him
﴾4﴿ He created man from a drop of fluid, and behold, he becomes an open adversary
﴾5﴿ And He created livestock for you; in them is warmth, benefits, and from them you eat
Relevancy:
This chapter, compared to Surah Al-Hijr, serves as a refutation of the false excuses of the polytheists, while Surah Al-Hijr contained warnings for those who denied monotheism.
Claim of this surah:
This chapter serves as a refutation of the arguments of the polytheists for the permissibility of shirk (associating partners with Allah) based on Allah's will, as mentioned in verse (35). The refutation is presented in ten ways: The first way includes 26 rational arguments divided into four types: Thirteen rational arguments that mention the creation of great and immense things. Three rational arguments that discuss the submission of all creations to Allah Almighty. Six rational arguments that highlight the benefits of created things. Four rational arguments emphasizing major blessings. The second way refutes all types of shirk, including shirk in knowledge, authority, supplication, worship, and in the permissibility of lawful and unlawful acts. The third way refutes shirk using textual evidence from all prophets (verse 36) and specifically from Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him) (verse 120). The fourth way refutes the polytheists by presenting three examples. The fifth way mentions the punishment that descended upon the polytheists in verse (112). The sixth way emphasizes fulfilling Allah’s covenant, which is monotheism, and warns against breaking this covenant. The seventh way refutes shirk through the evidence of divine revelation in verse (51). The eighth way emphasizes the declaration of monotheism using different expressions.
The ninth way mentions eleven beautiful names (Asma al-Husna) that are exclusive to Allah Almighty. The tenth way highlights the denial of their so-called partners in shirk on the Day of Judgment, as stated in verse (86).
Summary of the surah:
This chapter is divided into seven sections.
First Section (up to verse 34): Declaration of monotheism: Followed by thirteen rational arguments (verses 3–16) that mention the creation of thirty great things. Refutation of shirk (polytheism): Specifically shirk in authority, knowledge, and supplication, along with the declaration of monotheism (verses 17–22). Warnings and admonitions: Rejection of the Quran is addressed in verse 24. Warning about the Hereafter is mentioned in verses 25, 27, 28, and 29.Worldly warnings are highlighted in verse 26 and also in verses 33 and 34. Good tidings (glad tidings): Found in verses 30, 31, and 32.
The meaning of "أَمْرُ اللَّهِ" (the command of Allah) can be interpreted in three ways: Punishment in this world due to shirk (associating partners with Allah). The Day of Judgment as the ultimate manifestation of Allah's command. The matter of Allah’s Oneness (Tawheed), as mentioned in the concluding statement of the verse. Based on the third interpretation: The phrase "فَلَا تَسْتَعْجِلُوهُ" (do not hasten it) means: Do not rush to reject this matter; rather, reflect on the meanings and themes of this Surah. Based on the first interpretation: The phrase "سُبْحَانَهُ" (Glory be to Him) emphasizes Allah's Oneness, serving as a reminder to avoid shirk, ensuring safety from Allah's punishment.
This is the evidence of revelation, and the term "الرُّوحِ" (the Spirit) refers to divine revelation. It emphasizes the message of monotheism (Tawheed), indicating that this central truth has been sent from Allah Almighty through the angels. The conveyance of this message has been made obligatory, accompanied by rational arguments and methods outlined by Allah in this Surah. The phrase "أَنْ أَنْذِرُوا" is a substitute by inclusion (بدل اشتمال) for "الرُّوحِ", linking the Spirit with the command to warn. The phrase "وَأَنَّهُ" serves as a second explanation (تفسیر دوم) for the warning, clarifying its purpose and scope. This highlights the divine origin of the message, its logical foundations, and the responsibility of its delivery.
This is the first evidence, and the term "بِالْحَقِّ" can be understood in two ways: Declaration of monotheism (Tawheed): Emphasizing the truth of Allah’s Oneness. Wisdom: Referring to the divine wisdom underlying the message and creation. The phrase "تَعَالَى عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ" relates to the earlier mention of punishment in the verse: From one perspective, it highlights the deficiency in the claims of the polytheists. From another perspective, it signifies the manifestation of Allah's power. Thus, the mention of "سبحانه" corresponds to the first perspective (purity and distance from imperfection), while "تعالى" corresponds to the second perspective (exaltedness and power). In this context, only the attribute of creation of the universe is mentioned, which inherently indicates the supreme and exalted status of Allah Almighty. This serves as a rational basis for rejecting shirk and affirming Tawheed.
This is the second argument, accompanied by admonition, and it is also mentioned in verse 77 of Surah Yasin.
However, the context in Surah Yasin is a debate concerning the denial of the Resurrection. In this Surah, the argument focuses on the denial of monotheism (Tawheed). The shift in emphasis highlights the comprehensive approach of the Quran in addressing different aspects of disbelief, tailoring the argument to the specific issue being refuted—be it resurrection or Tawheed.
Since the creation of space and its inhabitants was mentioned, the focus now shifts to the creation of things necessary for human survival. This constitutes the third rational argument.
The term "دِفْءٌ" refers to items that provide warmth and protect against cold, such as clothing made from wool and hair. The verse also highlights the benefits derived from these creations, such as milk, meat, offspring, and other necessities. This argument emphasizes how the provisions essential for life, derived from Allah’s creation, are a clear sign of His wisdom and care for humanity, reinforcing the concept of Tawheed (monotheism).