خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا لَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمُ الْعَذَابُ وَلَا هُمْ يُنْظَرُونَ ﴿۱۶۲﴾ وَإِلَهُكُمْ إِلَهٌ وَاحِدٌ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الرَّحْمَنُ الرَّحِيمُ ﴿۱۶۳﴾ إِنَّ فِي خَلْقِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَالْفُلْكِ الَّتِي تَجْرِي فِي الْبَحْرِ بِمَا يَنْفَعُ النَّاسَ وَمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِنْ مَاءٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَبَثَّ فِيهَا مِنْ كُلِّ دَابَّةٍ وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَاحِ وَالسَّحَابِ الْمُسَخَّرِ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ ﴿۱۶۴﴾
﴾162﴿ khaalideena feeha laa yukhaffafu 'anhumul 'azaabu wa laa hum yunzaroon
﴾163﴿ Wa ilaahukum illaahunw waahid, laaa ilaaha illaa Huwar Rahmaanur Raheem
﴾164﴿ Inna fee khalqis samaawaati wal ardi wakhtilaafil laili wannahaari walfulkil latee tajree fil bahri bimaa yanfa'unnaasa wa maaa anzalal laahu minas samaaa'i mim maaa'in fa ahyaa bihil arda ba'da mawtihaa wa bas sa feehaa min kulli daaabbatinw wa tasreefir riyaahi wassahaabil musakhkhari bainas samaaa'i wal ardi la aayaatil liqawminy ya'qiloon
﴾162﴿ They will remain in it forever. The punishment will not be lightened for them, nor will they be given any respite.
﴾163﴿ And your God is One God. There is no deity worthy of worship except Him — the Possessor of all divine attributes — Most Compassionate, Most Merciful.
﴾164﴿ Indeed, in the creation of the heavens and the earth, in the alternation of night and day, in the ships that sail through the sea for the benefit of people, in what Allah has sent down from the sky of water — reviving the earth with it after its dryness and spreading within it all kinds of living creatures — and in the changing of the winds and the clouds held between the sky and the earth, there are surely signs (of Tawḥīd) for a people who use reason.
[163] From this point up to verse (176) begins the fourth section of this portion, which reaffirms the claim of Tawḥīd (Oneness of Allah) for the second time, supported by ten rational proofs. It discusses the states of the callers to truth, then gives warnings to the polytheists, describes the disassociation of false gods from their worshippers, refutes unauthorized prohibitions not prescribed by Allah, challenges their so-called reasoning, and rejects vows made for other than Allah. For those who conceal the truth, it warns of an even greater fear of the Hereafter.
This verse establishes the principle of Tawḥīd: that the true Ilāh (deity) is the one whose worship is rightfully due, who fulfills needs, assists in hardship and trials, removes harm, and is the sole owner of benefit and harm.
(Lā ilāha illā Huwa) — This removes the false assumption that perhaps there is one “great God” and other “lesser gods.” The answer given is clear: there is no deity but Him. The meaning is that the attributes of divinity and godhood are impossible to exist in anyone besides Allah.
The idea of there being any other god at all is completely irrational.
(Ar-Raḥmān, Ar-Raḥīm) — These attributes indicate that all blessings come from Allah. Therefore, the right to declare things lawful or unlawful belongs to Him alone. This refutes shirk in legislation (ḥalāl and ḥarām).
[164] In this verse, rational proofs are presented by mentioning ten things that point clearly to the Oneness of Allah (Tawḥīd):
– (Creation of the heavens) — this includes the sun, moon, and stars.
– (And the earth) — this includes mountains, trees, plants, and all that grows upon it.
– (Alternation of night and day) — this includes differences in light and darkness, the lengthening and shortening of days, and their succession one after the other.
– (What benefits people) — this highlights that traveling by sea is only permitted when it serves a beneficial worldly or religious purpose.
– (Changing of the winds) — this includes their blowing from various directions, increasing and decreasing in speed.
All these are signs for those who use reason, proving that such perfect control and harmony can only come from one divine Creator.