عَمَُّْ ْ 1570 اَلنَصْر
إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ ﴿۱﴾ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ أَفْوَاجًا ﴿۲﴾
﴾1﴿ Iza jaaa'a nasrul-laahi walfath
﴾2﴿ Wa ra-aitan naasa yadkhuloona fee deenil laahi afwajaa
﴾1﴿ When the help of Allah Almighty and victory comes
﴾2﴿ And you see the people entering the religion of Allah Almighty in multitudes
And this surah is also called "At-Tawdi‘" (The Farewell) and "Idha Ja’a" (When [Victory] Comes).
Relevancy:
This surah corresponds with the previous surah in several ways:
The first connection is that in the previous surah, the command to disassociate from the polytheists was mentioned, whereas in this surah, glad tidings are given to those who disassociate.
The second connection is that the previous surah contained a command in the form of negation, while this surah contains a ruling expressed in the imperative form—to glorify (tasbih), praise (hamd), and seek forgiveness (istighfar).
Claim of this surah:
This is a worldly glad tiding, and two names of Allah Almighty are mentioned: "Allah" and "Rabb". The declaration of monotheism is found in three aspects.
Summary of the surah:
The first glad tiding is of victory and conquest in (1).
The second glad tiding is of an increase in followers in (2).
Then, there is a command to glorify (tasbih) along with praise (hamd) and seeking forgiveness (istighfar) as gratitude for these blessings in (3).
[1] In this verse, there is a glad tiding of two things: (نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ) – the help of Allah and the victory.
The difference between the two is:
"Nusrah" (نصر) refers to preparing the necessary means, which includes securing a place, gathering supporters, acquiring weapons, and ensuring other essential provisions for sustaining life and engaging in jihad.
"Fath" (فتح) refers to overcoming the enemy, breaking open closed doors for the sake of propagation (da‘wah) and struggle (jihad).
[2] In this verse, the third glad tiding is mentioned. Initially, people were entering Islam gradually, but after the help of Allah and the victory, they started embracing Islam in large groups. This was exactly what happened after the conquest of Makkah.
Note: The response to "إِذَا" (when) is hidden, meaning "then that is your appointed time" (فَذَاك أَجَلُكَ). This is based on the hadith of Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with both of them), which Imam Bukhari narrated.
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) asked the other Companions about this surah. Some said that it contained a command to repent and seek forgiveness after the victory and divine help. Some remained silent, while Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) responded that this surah actually conveyed the news of the Prophet’s (May Allah bless him and give him peace) approaching end.
Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “I also understand it in the same way.”
This is why this surah is called "Surah At-Tawdi‘" (The Farewell Surah), meaning the departure of the Messenger of Allah (May Allah bless him and give him peace).