عَمَُّْ ْ 1566 اَلْمَاعُوْن
أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّينِ ﴿۱﴾ فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ الْيَتِيمَ ﴿۲﴾ وَلَا يَحُضُّ عَلَى طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ ﴿۳﴾
﴾1﴿ Ara 'aytal lazee yukazzibu biddeen
﴾2﴿ Fazaalikal lazee yadu'ul-yateem
﴾3﴿ Wa la yahuddu 'alaa ta'aamil miskeen
﴾1﴿ Are you aware of the one who denies the religion
﴾2﴿ Then he is the one who drives away the orphan
﴾3﴿ And does not encourage feeding the poor
And its other names are Surah Ara'ayta and Surah At-Takdhib.
Relevancy:
This surah corresponds to the previous one in several ways.
The first aspect is that in the previous surah, the invitation to worship was mentioned, and in this surah, it serves as a response to the illusion of the polytheists, which is that they claim, "We worship (we pray, we give charity)." The essence of this is that due to their denial of the religion, their acts of worship are rendered void.
The second aspect is that the previous surah contained a rebuke for the love of the world, while this surah rebukes the vile traits that arise from the love of the world.
The third aspect is that previously, there was a rebuke directed at the enemies of religion who possess specific characteristics, whereas in this surah, the rebuke is directed at the common deniers and enemies.
Claim of this surah:
It is a rebuke against the vile traits of the deniers.
Summary of the surah:
First, there is a rebuke for denying the religion in (1). Then, this denial is defined by two vile traits in (2, 3). Next, it responds to the illusion that this denier indeed prays in (4). Another response follows regarding the illusion that he indeed gives charity in (5, 6). Thus, the total number of vile traits is six.
[1] (أَرَأَيْتَ) means that the denier of the religion deceives and claims, "I indeed accept the religion, but you (O believers) do not accept it, as you oppose the way of the forefathers." To dispel this deception, it is said, "Do you know the denier?" If you do not know, then come and listen.
(بِالدِّينِ) is general for everyone who hears it.
[2] (فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَدُعُّ) – دَعَّ means to push away harshly, and in this context, it refers to denying the orphan’s rights. This includes consuming his wealth unlawfully, oppressing him, and depriving him of his share in inheritance—all of which were customs of the pre-Islamic era of ignorance.
The essence of this trait is that he is an oppressor.
[3] (طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِينِ) – The polytheists would provide food to those residing near their idols and consider it a great virtue. However, they would not give food in the name of Allah the Exalted; rather, they would make excuses.
The essence of this trait is that he is miserly.