تَبَارَكَ الَّذِيَُْ ْ 1417 اَلحَاقَّة
الْحَاقَّةُ ﴿۱﴾ مَا الْحَاقَّةُ ﴿۲﴾ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الْحَاقَّةُ ﴿۳﴾ كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُودُ وَعَادٌ بِالْقَارِعَةِ ﴿۴﴾
﴾1﴿ Al haaaqqah
﴾2﴿ Mal haaaqqah
﴾3﴿ Wa maaa adraaka mal haaaqqah
﴾4﴿ Kazzabat samoodu wa 'Aadum bil qaari'ah
﴾1﴿ The inevitable calamity is coming
﴾2﴿ How great is the inevitable calamity
﴾3﴿ And what can make you know what the inevitable calamity is
﴾4﴿ Thamud and 'Ad denied the Striking Calamity that crushes the hearts
Relevancy:
This Surah (Al-Haaqqah) shares several connections with Surah Al-Qalam:
Thematic Connection – In Surah Al-Qalam, the proofs of Tawheed (Oneness of Allah) and the truthfulness of the Messenger were established. Now, in Surah Al-Haaqqah, worldly and afterlife warnings are given to the deniers.
Sequential Order of Fundamentals – The previous Surah focused on three fundamental beliefs: Tawheed (Oneness of Allah), Risalah (Prophethood), and the Qur'an. Now, this Surah introduces the fourth fundamental belief – the certainty of the Day of Judgment (Qiyamah).
Claim of this surah:
The warning is given by mentioning five denying nations and describing the events and majesty of the Day of Judgment, along with affirming the truthfulness of the Messenger (May Allah bless him and give him peace) and the Qur'an regarding the news of the afterlife. It also establishes the call to monotheism in verse (52) and mentions three of Allah’s Beautiful Names: Allah, Rabb, and Al-‘Azim (The Great). Additionally, it refutes associating partners with Allah in knowledge in verse (49).
Summary of the surah:
The greatness of the Day of Judgment is mentioned in verses (1-3), and the warning of punishment for those who deny the Resurrection is given through the mention of five well-known nations (4-12).
Then, the events and majesty of the Day of Judgment are described in three stages:
The first stage – The annihilation of the world is detailed until verse (16).
The second stage – The resurrection and standing on the Day of Judgment is mentioned in verses (17-18). The first stage has seven descriptions, and the second stage has three, making a total of ten.
The third stage – The fate of the people of the right (Ashab al-Yameen) is described up to verse (24), followed by the fate of the people of the left (Ashab al-Shimal) up to verse (37).
Then, the reasons for punishment are given in verses (33-34), followed by the affirmation of the truthfulness of the Messenger (May Allah bless him and give him peace) and the Qur'an, with one testimony and seven attributes stated, both in negation and affirmation.
Finally, the command to glorify Allah is given, which is a declaration of monotheism (Tawheed).
[1,2,3] In this Surah, the certainty of the Resurrection (Qiyamah) is established, along with the repeated mention of the attribute "Al-Haaqqah" (The Inevitable) three times, which emphasizes its great awe and majesty.
Reasons for Naming the Day of Judgment as "Al-Haaqqah":
It is the Hour that will undoubtedly and certainly take place.
It is the moment when all certain realities will manifest, such as Resurrection, Gathering (Hashr), Judgment (Hisab), Record of Deeds (Kitab), the Scale (Mizan), and others.
Regarding the phrase "وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ" (And what can make you know...?), it is narrated from Yahya ibn Sallam and Sufyan ibn Uyaynah that:
Wherever "وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ" appears in the Qur'an, knowledge of it is given afterward.
Wherever "وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ" appears, its knowledge is not given.
[4] After establishing the certainty of the Resurrection (Qiyamah), the Surah presents examples of worldly punishments, showing how different nations were destroyed due to their denial of the truth.
In this passage, two nations are mentioned, and the term "الْقَارِعَةِ" is used, which is also a name for the Day of Judgment.
Two Interpretations of "Al-Qari'ah":
From "قرع" (striking forcefully) – Qari’ah refers to something that strikes and shakes violently. The Day of Judgment is called Al-Qari’ah because its horrors will strike and shake hearts severely.
From "قرعة" (lottery or drawing of lots) – According to Mubarrad, the word Qari’ah is derived from "Qur’ah" (drawing lots), meaning that on that Day, some will be successful (entering Paradise), while others will face loss (punishment in Hell).