قَدْ سَمِعَ اللَّهُْ ْ 1367
سَبَّحَ لِلَّهِ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ﴿۱﴾ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَ تَقُولُونَ مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ ﴿۲﴾ كَبُرَ مَقْتًا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ تَقُولُوا مَا لَا تَفْعَلُونَ ﴿۳﴾
﴾1﴿ Sabbaha lillaahi maa fisamaawaati wa maa fil ardi wa huwal 'Azeezul Hakeem
﴾2﴿ Yaa ayyuhal lazeena aamanoo lima taqooloona maa laa taf'aloon
﴾3﴿ Kabura maqtan 'indal laahi an taqooloo maa laa taf'aloon
﴾1﴿ Purity is ascribed to Allah, the Exalted, by all that is in the heavens and all that is on the earth, and Allah, the Exalted, is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise
﴾2﴿ O believers, why do you say things with your tongues that you do not do
﴾3﴿ It is a great cause of Allah’s wrath that you say with your tongues what you do not act upon
This Surah is also called the Surah of the Disciples and the Surah of Jesus.
Relevancy:
This is connected to the previous Surah, where believers were reprimanded for inappropriate actions, whereas in this Surah, they are reprimanded for inappropriate words. Another aspect is that the previous Surah prohibited friendship with polytheists, while this Surah takes it further by commanding to fight and engage in battle against them.
Claim of this surah:
The reprimand is for the contradiction between actions and words (verses 2-3), such as turning away from jihad and battle despite claiming faith. The issue of monotheism is also mentioned at the beginning, and encouragement for jihad is given in verse 4.
Summary of the surah:
In summary, this Surah contains three addresses beginning with "O you who believe":
The first address reprimands the abandonment of fighting in the way of Allah and encourages participation in battle.
The second gives both worldly and eternal glad tidings.
The third encourages believers to follow the way of the disciples (Hawariyun) in striving for jihad.
The detailed reasoning includes:
Evidence from the stories of Moses (peace be upon him) and Jesus (peace be upon him)
A warning by mentioning the state of the Jews, who abandoned fighting in the way of Allah
Encouragement to obey the final Messenger, especially in fighting for Allah's cause
Emphasis on encouragement through Jesus' glad tidings about this Messenger
Reprimands for denial, false accusations, and attempts to extinguish Allah’s light
Affirmation of the truthfulness of the Messenger, who was sent to fight in Allah’s path
Glad tidings of worldly and eternal rewards for jihad
Finally, encouragement to support and fight in Allah’s way, as the disciples did.
[1] In this Surah, monotheism is mentioned with the expression of tasbih (glorification of Allah). It also addresses a possible objection by clarifying that the benefit of fighting (qital) returns to the believers themselves, as Allah is not in need of it. The reason given is that Allah is absolutely free from all defects and needs, to such an extent that the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth testify to His purity.
[2] This is the first address to the believers out of the three in this Surah. Its purpose is to encourage fighting in the way of Allah and to reprimand the contradiction between words and actions.
There are different types of such contradictions:
1. First type: When a person claims to have done something in the past, even though they have not—this is a lie.
2. Second type: When someone promises to do something in the future but then fails to fulfill it.
3. Third type: When someone claims they will do something beyond human capability—this is also a reprimand for speech without truth, similar to the first type.
[3] In this passage, the reprimand is emphasized in five ways, and in both verses, there is a severe admonition directed at scholars and preachers who do not act upon their knowledge while preaching to others.