وَمَا أُبَرِّئُُ 577 ابراهیم
الر كِتَابٌ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَى صِرَاطِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ ﴿۱﴾ اللَّهِ الَّذِي لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَوَيْلٌ لِلْكَافِرِينَ مِنْ عَذَابٍ شَدِيدٍ ﴿۲﴾
﴾1﴿ Alif-Laaam-Raa; Kitaabun anzalnaahu ilaika litukhrijan-naasa minaz zulumaati ilan noori bi-izni Rabbihim ilaa siraatil 'Azeezil Hameed
﴾2﴿ Allaahil lazee lahoo maa fis samaawaati wa maa fill ard; wa wailul lilkaafireena min 'azaabin shadeed
﴾1﴿ Alif Lam Ra - This is a Book that We have revealed to you so that you may bring people out of darkness into light, by the permission of their Lord, to the path of the Almighty, the Praiseworthy
﴾2﴿ Allah, the Exalted, is the One in whose control is everything in the heavens and everything on the earth, and destruction awaits the disbelievers because of a severe punishment
Relevancy:
The difference between Surah Ibrahim and Surah Ra'd is that in Surah Ra'd, rational arguments are used as a way to admonish on the matter of monotheism. In this Surah (Ibrahim), the focus is on giving advice through worldly and otherworldly events. Additionally, in Surah Ra'd, the truth of the Quran and the Messenger is mentioned, while in this Surah, the purpose of both is emphasized -
Claim of this surah:
Bringing people out of darkness into light is done through the Book of Allah and with the reminder of the "Days of Allah," which refer to worldly and otherworldly events. The term darkness refers to four types of polytheism: polytheism in knowledge, in authority, in worship, and in supplication. This Surah refutes these forms of polytheism with rational and textual arguments, as well as through examples. The term "light" refers to the knowledge of Allah the Exalted, through monotheism, following the way of Ibrahim (peace be upon him), and with the fourteen Beautiful Names of Allah.
Summary of the surah:
This Surah is divided into five sections. The first section extends up to verse (8). In this section, the focus is on encouraging propagation, which is described as bringing people out of darkness into light. A brief rational argument is presented along with a warning in verse (2). A reminder about vile characteristics is given in verse (3). The claim of the Surah is emphasized: that messengers were sent for this purpose, as mentioned in verse (4). A textual argument is provided through the story of Musa (peace be upon him) to reinforce the claim of the Surah, from verse (5) to verse (8).
In this verse, the central claim of the Surah is presented, which is the encouragement of propagation (Tabligh). It also mentions the wisdom behind the revelation of the Quran. The term darkness refers to disbelief, polytheism, innovation, ignorance, and doubt. Meanwhile, the term light signifies faith, monotheism, the prophetic tradition, knowledge, and certainty.
Benefit: The word ظلمات (darkness) is in the plural form, while نور (light) is in the singular. This indicates that the paths of polytheism and innovation are numerous, whereas the path of righteousness is singular. The phrase (بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ) signifies that even the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) requires the command and assistance of Allah the Exalted to bring people out of darkness. The phrase (إِلَى صِرَاطِ) serves as a substitute for النور (light). The mention of عزیز (Mighty) and حمید (Praiseworthy) implies that this path (Sirat) leads to honor and praise from Allah the Exalted.