كَيْفَ يَكُونُ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ عَهْدٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَعِنْدَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ عَاهَدْتُمْ عِنْدَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ فَمَا اسْتَقَامُوا لَكُمْ فَاسْتَقِيمُوا لَهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ ﴿۷﴾ كَيْفَ وَإِنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا فِيكُمْ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً يُرْضُونَكُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَى قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ ﴿۸﴾ اشْتَرَوْا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا فَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ إِنَّهُمْ سَاءَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ ﴿۹﴾

﴾7﴿ Kaifa yakoonu lilmush rikeena 'ahdun 'indallaahi wa 'inda Rasoolihee illal lazeena 'aahattum 'indal Masjidil Haraami famas taqaamoo lakum fastaqeemoo lahum; innallaaha yuhibbul muttaqeen
﴾8﴿ Kaifa wa iny-yazharoo 'alaikum laa yarquboo feekum illanw wa laa zimmah; yurdoo nakum biafwaahihim wa ta'baa quloobuhum wa aksaruhum faasiqoon
﴾9﴿ Ishtaraw bi Aayaatil laahi samanan qaleelan fasaddoo 'an sabeelih; innahum saaa'a maa kaanoo ya'maloon

﴾7﴿ How can the polytheists have a covenant with Allah and His Messenger, except those with whom you have made a covenant at the Sacred Mosque So, as long as they stand firm and steadfast, stand firm in your covenant with them. Indeed, Allah loves the righteous (To refrain from breaking one's promise)
﴾8﴿ How can it be (the validity of their covenant) when, if they prevail over you, they will not maintain any kinship or covenant with you They please you with their mouths, but their hearts deny you, and most of them are disobedient
﴾9﴿ They have taken a small price in exchange for the signs of Allah, so they hinder people from the way of Allah. Indeed, evil is what they do

[7] This verse is a refutation of the first objection to fighting: some thought that since a treaty had been made with the polytheists of Makkah, how could fighting them now be permissible?
The essence of the answer is that they themselves broke the treaty, and once a treaty is violated, it holds no value in the sight of Allah and His Messenger (May Allah bless him and give him peace).
However, this does not apply to the second group (mentioned earlier), who remained faithful to their treaty—so their agreement can be honored until its term ends.
This verse also explains the wisdom behind the declaration of disassociation (barā’ah)—it was due to the breaking of covenants by the enemy.
[8] This verse begins the detailed explanation of the traits of the polytheists that justify fighting against them. In this verse, four of those traits are mentioned:
1. The phrase (كَيْفَ)—“How?”—is a repetition of the earlier “How can there be a treaty for them…”. The verb associated with it is omitted but understood (i.e., “How can they have a treaty…”).
2. The word (إِلًّا)—Ibn ʿAbbās (may Allah be pleased with him) and most narrators have interpreted this here to mean “ties of kinship”.
3. (يُرْضُونَكُمْ)—“They try to please you”—refers to them speaking words of loyalty regarding treaty-keeping. However, this does not refer to faith or genuine belief, because these qualities are specific to polytheists, not hypocrites.
4. (وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ)—Question: All disbelievers are fāsiq (rebellious), so why does the verse say “most of them”?
Answer 1: In this context, fāsiqūn refers specifically to those who openly violated treaties.
Answer 2: Some of them later accepted Islam. So fāsiqūn here refers to those who remained in disbelief until death.
[9] In this verse, another three traits of the polytheists are mentioned:
1. (اشْتَرَوْا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا) — “They exchanged the signs of Allah for a small price.” This means that these polytheists abandoned the Qur’an and Allah’s commands and preferred worldly gain.
This is the general condition of every polytheist and disbeliever—choosing the temporary world over the religion of Allah.
2. (فَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ) — This can be understood in both its forms: transitive and intransitive. That is, either:
- they themselves turned away from the path of Allah (intransitive), or
- they actively prevented others from following it (transitive).
3. The combination of these actions shows their open rejection and opposition to divine guidance.