قَدْ خَسِرَ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوا أَوْلَادَهُمْ سَفَهًا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ وَحَرَّمُوا مَا رَزَقَهُمُ اللَّهُ افْتِرَاءً عَلَى اللَّهِ قَدْ ضَلُّوا وَمَا كَانُوا مُهْتَدِينَ ﴿۱۴۰﴾ وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنْشَأَ جَنَّاتٍ مَعْرُوشَاتٍ وَغَيْرَ مَعْرُوشَاتٍ وَالنَّخْلَ وَالزَّرْعَ مُخْتَلِفًا أُكُلُهُ وَالزَّيْتُونَ وَالرُّمَّانَ مُتَشَابِهًا وَغَيْرَ مُتَشَابِهٍ كُلُوا مِنْ ثَمَرِهِ إِذَا أَثْمَرَ وَآتُوا حَقَّهُ يَوْمَ حَصَادِهِ وَلَا تُسْرِفُوا إِنَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُسْرِفِينَ ﴿۱۴۱﴾

﴾140﴿ Qad khasiral lazeena qatalooo awlaadahum safaham bighairi 'ilminw wa harramoo maa razaqahumul laahuf tiraaa'an 'alal laah; qad dalloo wa maa kaanoo muhtadeen
﴾141﴿ Wa Huwal lazee ansha-a jannaatim ma'rooshaatinw wa ghaira ma'rooshaatinw wan nakhla wazzar'a mukhtalifan ukuluhoo wazzaitoona warrum maana mutashaabihanw wa ghaira mutashaabih; kuloo min samariheee izaaa asmara wa aatoo haqqahoo yawma hasaadihee wa laa tusrifoo; innahoo laa yuhibbul musrifeen

﴾140﴿ Indeed, those who killed their children out of ignorance without any reason were the losers, And they forbade what Allah the Exalted made lawful because of telling lies against Allah the Exalted, indeed they have gone astray and are not on the right path
﴾141﴿ And He is the one who created the gardens that can be raised on pillars and those that cannot be raised on pillars, and He created the palm tree and the field, which are different in their fruit, and created the olive and the pomegranate, their leaves are like each other,and other than their fruits Eat of its fruits as if it were a fruit and pay the tribute of Allah the Exalted on the day of its harvest And don't waste anything, indeed Allah Almighty does not like polytheists

[140] This verse relates to both making vows to other than Allah and prohibiting things in the name of other than Allah. It mentions three aspects of their actions: foolishness (safah), acting without knowledge (ghayra ‘ilm), and false attribution (iftirā’).
Corresponding to these three, three rulings are mentioned: loss (khuṣrān), misguidance (ḍalāl), and lack of guidance (‘adam al-ihtidā’).
Khuṣrān (loss) stems from the fact that children are a great blessing, and killing them leads to great harm in both this world and the Hereafter.
Ḍalāl (misguidance) is due to acting without any sound reasoning or knowledge.
And ‘adam al-ihtidā’ (lack of guidance) is because they have falsely attributed things to Allah the Exalted.
[141] This is a rational argument to refute active shirk (associating partners with Allah), especially the type related to crops and livestock. Therefore, the evidences mentioned here pertain to both of these categories.
(Ma‘rūshāt) — refers to plants that creep along the ground, like melons and similar produce, or some types of grapes that are supported on trellises.
(Ghayr ma‘rūshāt) — those that stand upright on their own stems; these have many types.
(Mukhtalifan ukuluhu) — the pronoun refers either to zar‘ (crops) alone or to both zar‘ and nakhl (date palms), with the interpretation being “each of them individually.”
(Az-zaytūn) — from which oil is extracted.
(Ar-rummān) — mostly used for medicinal purposes.
(Mutashābihan) — refers either specifically to the state of olives and pomegranates or generally to all mentioned; the point is that trees and plants may be of the same kind, like date palms, yet their fruits differ — in season, taste, etc.
(Kulū) — implies the permissibility of eating, meaning: do not consider it unlawful.
(Ātū ḥaqqahu yawma ḥaṣādih) — give Allah’s due specifically on the day of harvest. The restriction to the day of harvest hints that the obligation applies to produce actually harvested by hand and not to crops that were destroyed beforehand.
(Wa lā tusrifū) — here, isrāf (extravagance) means shirk: do not offer these crops and fruits in vows to others besides Allah, nor declare any part of them forbidden by yourselves.
Ibn Jarir reports from Iyās that: “Whoever opposes the command of Allah the Exalted is considered musrif (extravagant).”